diff --git a/app/components/timeline/TimelineHome.vue b/app/components/timeline/TimelineHome.vue
index b9b155ec..a0ed7cdf 100644
--- a/app/components/timeline/TimelineHome.vue
+++ b/app/components/timeline/TimelineHome.vue
@@ -6,7 +6,12 @@ const isSlow = computed(() => isSupported.value && effectiveType.value && ['slow
 const limit = computed(() => isSlow.value ? 10 : 30)
 
 const paginator = useMastoClient().v1.timelines.home.list({ limit: limit.value })
-const stream = useStreaming(client => client.user.subscribe())
+
+// streaming requires user session
+let stream: Ref<mastodon.streaming.Subscription | undefined>
+if (currentUser.value !== undefined)
+  stream = useStreaming(client => client.user.subscribe())
+
 function reorderAndFilter(items: mastodon.v1.Status[]) {
   return reorderedTimeline(items, 'home')
 }
diff --git a/app/components/timeline/TimelineNotifications.vue b/app/components/timeline/TimelineNotifications.vue
index 548e7020..035446e9 100644
--- a/app/components/timeline/TimelineNotifications.vue
+++ b/app/components/timeline/TimelineNotifications.vue
@@ -14,8 +14,11 @@ const options = { limit: 30, types: filter ? [filter] : [] }
 // Default limit is 20 notifications, and servers are normally caped to 30
 const paginator = useMastoClient().v1.notifications.list(options)
 
-// @ts-expect-error Type error should be fixed with the following PR to masto.js: https://github.com/neet/masto.js/pull/1355
-const stream = useStreaming(client => client.user.notification.subscribe())
+// streaming requires user session
+let stream: Ref<mastodon.streaming.Subscription | undefined>
+if (currentUser.value !== undefined)
+  // @ts-expect-error Type error should be fixed with the following PR to masto.js: https://github.com/neet/masto.js/pull/1355
+  stream = useStreaming(client => client.user.notification.subscribe())
 
 lastAccessedNotificationRoute.value = route.path.replace(/\/notifications\/?/, '')
 
diff --git a/app/components/timeline/TimelinePublic.vue b/app/components/timeline/TimelinePublic.vue
index 2193f0b2..73da7b74 100644
--- a/app/components/timeline/TimelinePublic.vue
+++ b/app/components/timeline/TimelinePublic.vue
@@ -2,7 +2,12 @@
 import type { mastodon } from 'masto'
 
 const paginator = useMastoClient().v1.timelines.public.list({ limit: 30 })
-const stream = useStreaming(client => client.public.subscribe())
+
+// streaming requires user session
+let stream: Ref<mastodon.streaming.Subscription | undefined>
+if (currentUser.value !== undefined)
+  stream = useStreaming(client => client.public.subscribe())
+
 function reorderAndFilter(items: mastodon.v1.Status[]) {
   return reorderedTimeline(items, 'public')
 }
diff --git a/app/components/timeline/TimelinePublicLocal.vue b/app/components/timeline/TimelinePublicLocal.vue
index f3514bfd..c7de4c64 100644
--- a/app/components/timeline/TimelinePublicLocal.vue
+++ b/app/components/timeline/TimelinePublicLocal.vue
@@ -2,7 +2,12 @@
 import type { mastodon } from 'masto'
 
 const paginator = useMastoClient().v1.timelines.public.list({ limit: 30, local: true })
-const stream = useStreaming(client => client.public.local.subscribe())
+
+// streaming requires user session
+let stream: Ref<mastodon.streaming.Subscription | undefined>
+if (currentUser.value !== undefined)
+  stream = useStreaming(client => client.public.local.subscribe())
+
 function reorderAndFilter(items: mastodon.v1.Status[]) {
   return reorderedTimeline(items, 'public')
 }
diff --git a/app/composables/masto/masto.ts b/app/composables/masto/masto.ts
index 30dfd987..3a217519 100644
--- a/app/composables/masto/masto.ts
+++ b/app/composables/masto/masto.ts
@@ -26,54 +26,59 @@ export function mastoLogin(masto: ElkMasto, user: Pick<UserLogin, 'server' | 'to
   const instance: ElkInstance = reactive(getInstanceCache(server) || { uri: server, accountDomain: server })
   const accessToken = user.token
 
-  const createStreamingClient = (streamingApiUrl: string | undefined) => {
-    return streamingApiUrl ? createStreamingAPIClient({ streamingApiUrl, accessToken, implementation: globalThis.WebSocket }) : undefined
-  }
+  let createStreamingClient: (streamingApiUrl: string | undefined) => mastodon.streaming.Client | undefined
 
-  const streamingApiUrl = instance?.configuration?.urls?.streaming
   masto.client.value = createRestAPIClient({ url, accessToken })
-  masto.streamingClient.value = createStreamingClient(streamingApiUrl)
 
-  // Refetch instance info in the background on login
-  masto.client.value.v2.instance.fetch().catch(error => new Promise<mastodon.v2.Instance>((resolve, reject) => {
-    if (error instanceof MastoHttpError && error.statusCode === 404) {
-      return masto.client.value.v1.instance.fetch().then((newInstance) => {
-        console.warn(`Instance ${server} on version ${newInstance.version} does not support "GET /api/v2/instance" API, try converting to v2 instance... expect some errors`)
-        const v2Instance = {
-          ...newInstance,
-          domain: newInstance.uri,
-          sourceUrl: '',
-          usage: {
-            users: {
-              activeMonth: 0,
-            },
-          },
-          icon: [],
-          apiVersions: {
-            mastodon: newInstance.version,
-          },
-          contact: {
-            email: newInstance.email,
-          },
-          configuration: {
-            ...(newInstance.configuration ?? {}),
-            urls: {
-              streaming: newInstance.urls.streamingApi,
-            },
-          },
-        } as unknown as mastodon.v2.Instance
-        return resolve(v2Instance)
-      }).catch(reject)
+  if (currentUser.value !== undefined) {
+    createStreamingClient = (streamingApiUrl: string | undefined) => {
+      return streamingApiUrl ? createStreamingAPIClient({ streamingApiUrl, accessToken, implementation: globalThis.WebSocket }) : undefined
     }
 
-    return reject(error)
-  })).then((newInstance) => {
-    Object.assign(instance, newInstance)
-    if (newInstance.configuration.urls.streaming !== streamingApiUrl)
-      masto.streamingClient.value = createStreamingClient(newInstance.configuration.urls.streaming)
+    const streamingApiUrl = instance?.configuration?.urls?.streaming
+    masto.streamingClient.value = createStreamingClient(streamingApiUrl)
 
-    instanceStorage.value[server] = newInstance
-  })
+    // Refetch instance info in the background on login
+    masto.client.value.v2.instance.fetch().catch(error => new Promise<mastodon.v2.Instance>((resolve, reject) => {
+      if (error instanceof MastoHttpError && error.statusCode === 404) {
+        return masto.client.value.v1.instance.fetch().then((newInstance) => {
+          console.warn(`Instance ${server} on version ${newInstance.version} does not support "GET /api/v2/instance" API, try converting to v2 instance... expect some errors`)
+          const v2Instance = {
+            ...newInstance,
+            domain: newInstance.uri,
+            sourceUrl: '',
+            usage: {
+              users: {
+                activeMonth: 0,
+              },
+            },
+            icon: [],
+            apiVersions: {
+              mastodon: newInstance.version,
+            },
+            contact: {
+              email: newInstance.email,
+            },
+            configuration: {
+              ...(newInstance.configuration ?? {}),
+              urls: {
+                streaming: newInstance.urls.streamingApi,
+              },
+            },
+          } as unknown as mastodon.v2.Instance
+          return resolve(v2Instance)
+        }).catch(reject)
+      }
+
+      return reject(error)
+    })).then((newInstance) => {
+      Object.assign(instance, newInstance)
+      if (newInstance.configuration.urls.streaming !== streamingApiUrl)
+        masto.streamingClient.value = createStreamingClient(newInstance.configuration.urls.streaming)
+
+      instanceStorage.value[server] = newInstance
+    })
+  }
 
   return instance
 }
diff --git a/app/pages/[[server]]/list/[list]/index/index.vue b/app/pages/[[server]]/list/[list]/index/index.vue
index 8dc5a697..6d991fab 100644
--- a/app/pages/[[server]]/list/[list]/index/index.vue
+++ b/app/pages/[[server]]/list/[list]/index/index.vue
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
+import type { mastodon } from 'masto'
+
 definePageMeta({
   name: 'list',
 })
@@ -9,7 +11,11 @@ const listId = computed(() => params.list as string)
 const client = useMastoClient()
 
 const paginator = client.v1.timelines.list.$select(listId.value).list()
-const stream = useStreaming(client => client.list.subscribe({ list: listId.value }))
+
+// streaming requires user session
+let stream: Ref<mastodon.streaming.Subscription | undefined>
+if (currentUser.value !== undefined)
+  stream = useStreaming(client => client.list.subscribe({ list: listId.value }))
 </script>
 
 <template>
diff --git a/app/pages/[[server]]/tags/[tag].vue b/app/pages/[[server]]/tags/[tag].vue
index b74c6c96..4ce3494f 100644
--- a/app/pages/[[server]]/tags/[tag].vue
+++ b/app/pages/[[server]]/tags/[tag].vue
@@ -12,7 +12,11 @@ const { client } = useMasto()
 const { data: tag, refresh } = await useAsyncData(() => `tag-${tagName.value}`, () => client.value.v1.tags.$select(tagName.value).fetch(), { default: () => shallowRef() })
 
 const paginator = client.value.v1.timelines.tag.$select(tagName.value).list()
-const stream = useStreaming(client => client.hashtag.subscribe({ tag: tagName.value }))
+
+// streaming requires user session
+let stream: Ref<mastodon.streaming.Subscription | undefined>
+if (currentUser.value !== undefined)
+  stream = useStreaming(client => client.hashtag.subscribe({ tag: tagName.value }))
 
 if (tag.value) {
   useHydratedHead({