LLM: 2bit quantization initial support (#10042)

* basis quantize support

* fix new module name

* small update

* and mixed int4 with iq2_xxs

* remove print

* code refactor

* fix style

* meet code review

python/llm/src/bigdl/llm/ggml/model/llama/llama_cpp.py

@@ -965,6 +965,30 @@ _lib.ggml_quantize_tensor.argtypes = [
 _lib.ggml_quantize_tensor.restype = ctypes.c_size_t
 
 
+def ggml_quantize_tensor_with_weights(
+    src,  # type: ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_float] # type: ignore
+    dst: ctypes.c_void_p,
+    qtype: ctypes.c_int,
+    nrow: ctypes.c_int,
+    n_per_row: ctypes.c_int,
+    hist,  # type: ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_int64] # type: ignore
+    weights,  # type: ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_float] # type: ignore
+) -> int:
+    return _lib.ggml_quantize_tensor_with_weights(src, dst, qtype, nrow, n_per_row, hist, weights)
+
+
+_lib.ggml_quantize_tensor_with_weights.argtypes = [
+    ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_float),
+    ctypes.c_void_p,
+    ctypes.c_int,
+    ctypes.c_int,
+    ctypes.c_int,
+    ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int64),
+    ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_float),
+]
+_lib.ggml_quantize_tensor_with_weights.restype = ctypes.c_size_t
+
+
 def ggml_type_size(qtype: ctypes.c_int) -> int:
     return _lib.ggml_type_size(qtype)
 

python/llm/src/bigdl/llm/ggml/quantize.py

@@ -39,7 +39,9 @@ ggml_tensor_qtype = {"sym_int4": 2,   # q4_0 in ggml
                      "mixed_fp8": 18,     # Mixture of Formats Quantization 8 bits
                      "fp8_e5m2": 19,      # fp8 in e5m2 format
                      "fp8": 19,           # fp8 in e5m2 format
-                     "bf16": 20}
+                     "bf16": 20,
+                     "iq2_xxs": 21,
+                     "iq2_xs": 22}
 
 _llama_quantize_type = {"q4_0": 2,
                         "q4_1": 3,

python/llm/src/bigdl/llm/transformers/convert.py

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ import warnings
 import transformers
 import importlib.util
 from bigdl.llm.ggml.quantize import ggml_tensor_qtype
-from .utils import logger
+from .utils import logger, get_cur_qtype_and_imatrix
 from typing import Union
 import numpy as np
 import os
@@ -190,7 +190,8 @@ def convert_gptq(module, awq=False, llm_awq=False):
 
 def _replace_with_low_bit_linear(model, qtype, modules_to_not_convert=None,
                                  current_key_name=None, convert_shape_only=False,
-                                 cpu_embedding=False, prefix_name=''):
+                                 cpu_embedding=False, prefix_name='',
+                                 imatrix_data=None):
     from bigdl.llm.transformers.low_bit_linear import LowBitLinear, FP4Params, \
         FP16Linear, BF16Linear
     from bigdl.llm.transformers.embedding import LLMEmbedding
@@ -248,7 +249,9 @@ def _replace_with_low_bit_linear(model, qtype, modules_to_not_convert=None,
                             module.bias is not None,
                             mp_group=mp_group,
                         )
-
+                        cur_qtype, cur_imatrix = get_cur_qtype_and_imatrix(qtype,
+                                                                           full_module_name,
+                                                                           imatrix_data)
                         device = module.weight.data.device
                         # Copy the weights
                         paramsLowBit = FP4Params(data=module.weight.data,
@@ -256,7 +259,9 @@ def _replace_with_low_bit_linear(model, qtype, modules_to_not_convert=None,
                                                  quantized=False,
                                                  _shape=None,
                                                  convert_shape_only=convert_shape_only,
-                                                 qtype=qtype).to(device)
+                                                 qtype=cur_qtype,
+                                                 imatrix=cur_imatrix,
+                                                 in_features=in_features).to(device)
                         new_linear._parameters['weight'] = paramsLowBit
                         if module.bias is not None:
                             new_linear._parameters['bias'] = nn.Parameter(module.bias.data)\
@@ -328,7 +333,8 @@ def _replace_with_low_bit_linear(model, qtype, modules_to_not_convert=None,
                 current_key_name,
                 convert_shape_only,
                 cpu_embedding,
-                prefix_name=prefix_name + '.' + name if prefix_name != '' else name
+                prefix_name=prefix_name + '.' + name if prefix_name != '' else name,
+                imatrix_data=imatrix_data
             )
             has_been_replaced = _flag or has_been_replaced
     return model, has_been_replaced
@@ -505,7 +511,8 @@ def _optimize_pre(model):
 def ggml_convert_low_bit(model, qtype, optimize_model=True,
                          convert_shape_only=False, device="cpu",
                          modules_to_not_convert=None, cpu_embedding=False,
-                         lightweight_bmm=False, torch_dtype="auto"):
+                         lightweight_bmm=False, torch_dtype="auto",
+                         imatrix_data=None):
     logger.info(f"Converting the current model to "
                 f"{list(ggml_tensor_qtype.keys())[list(ggml_tensor_qtype.values()).index(qtype)]} "
                 f"format......")
@@ -517,6 +524,7 @@ def ggml_convert_low_bit(model, qtype, optimize_model=True,
     model, has_been_replaced = _replace_with_low_bit_linear(
         model, qtype, modules_to_not_convert,
         None, convert_shape_only, cpu_embedding,
+        imatrix_data=imatrix_data,
     )
     if not has_been_replaced:
         warnings.warn(

python/llm/src/bigdl/llm/transformers/low_bit_linear.py

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ FP4 = ggml_tensor_qtype["fp4"]
 MOFQ4 = ggml_tensor_qtype["mixed_fp4"]
 MOFQ8 = ggml_tensor_qtype["mixed_fp8"]
 FP8E5 = ggml_tensor_qtype["fp8_e5m2"]
+IQ2_XXS = ggml_tensor_qtype["iq2_xxs"]
+IQ2_XS = ggml_tensor_qtype["iq2_xs"]
 
 
 def get_block_size(qtype: str):
@@ -81,7 +83,9 @@ def get_qk_size(qtype: int):
 
 
 def ggml_convert_qtype(tensor: torch.Tensor, qtype: int,
-                       device=None, convert_shape_only=False):
+                       device=None, convert_shape_only=False,
+                       imatrix: torch.Tensor=None,
+                       in_features: int=None):
     QK = ggml.ggml_qk_size(qtype)
     block_size_in_bytes = ggml.ggml_type_size(qtype)
 
@@ -89,12 +93,10 @@ def ggml_convert_qtype(tensor: torch.Tensor, qtype: int,
                       "Input tensor must be float32")
     src = tensor.data.data_ptr()
     src = ctypes.cast(src, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_float))
-    n = tensor.numel()
+    n = tensor.numel()  # all elements
-    invalidInputError(n % QK == 0,
-                      "Input tensor size must be multiple of 64")
     k = tensor.shape[-1]
     invalidInputError(k % QK == 0,
-                      "Last dim of input tensor must be multiple of 64")
+                      f"Last dim of input tensor must be multiple of {QK}")
 
     dst_size = (n // QK) * block_size_in_bytes
     dst_tensor = torch.empty(dst_size, dtype=torch.uint8,
@@ -103,7 +105,16 @@ def ggml_convert_qtype(tensor: torch.Tensor, qtype: int,
     if not convert_shape_only and device != 'meta':
         dst = ctypes.c_void_p(dst_tensor.data.data_ptr())
         hist = (ctypes.c_int64 * 16)()
+        if qtype not in [IQ2_XXS, IQ2_XS]:
             ggml.ggml_quantize_tensor(src, dst, qtype, n, k, hist)
+        else:
+            # quantize with importance matrix
+            imatrix = imatrix.data.data_ptr()
+            imatrix = ctypes.cast(imatrix, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_float))
+            # pass nrow and n_per_row
+            ggml.ggml_quantize_tensor_with_weights(src, dst, qtype,
+                                                   n // in_features, in_features,
+                                                   hist, imatrix)
     return dst_tensor
 
 
@@ -193,7 +204,9 @@ class FP4Params(torch.nn.Parameter):
                 quantized=False,
                 _shape=None,
                 convert_shape_only=False,
-                qtype=None):
+                qtype=None,
+                imatrix=None,
+                in_features=None):
         if data is None:
             data = torch.empty(0)
 
@@ -203,6 +216,8 @@ class FP4Params(torch.nn.Parameter):
         self._shape = _shape
         self.qtype = qtype
         self.convert_shape_only = convert_shape_only
+        self.imatrix = imatrix
+        self.in_features = in_features
         return self
 
     def ggml_mse(self, w, ggml_qtype, device):
@@ -255,7 +270,9 @@ class FP4Params(torch.nn.Parameter):
             else:
                 w_quantized = ggml_convert_qtype(w, self.qtype,
                                                  device=device,
-                                                 convert_shape_only=self.convert_shape_only)
+                                                 convert_shape_only=self.convert_shape_only,
+                                                 imatrix=self.imatrix,
+                                                 in_features=self.in_features)
                 self.data = w_quantized
             self.quantized = True
             self._shape = w.shape

python/llm/src/bigdl/llm/transformers/model.py

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ import transformers
 from transformers.configuration_utils import PretrainedConfig
 from .utils import extract_local_archive_file, \
     load_state_dict, \
-    get_local_shard_files
+    get_local_shard_files, load_imatrix_data
 from bigdl.llm.ggml.quantize import ggml_tensor_qtype
 from bigdl.llm.utils.common import invalidInputError
 from bigdl.llm.transformers.gguf.api import load_gguf_model
@@ -107,10 +107,10 @@ class _BaseAutoModelClass:
         :param load_in_low_bit: str value, options are ``'sym_int4'``, ``'asym_int4'``,
                                 ``'sym_int5'``, ``'asym_int5'``, ``'sym_int8'``, ``'nf3'``,
                                 ``'nf4'``, ``'fp4'``, ``'fp8'``, ``'fp8_e4m3'``, ``'fp8_e5m2'``,
-                                ``'fp16'`` or ``'bf16'``, ``'sym_int4'`` means symmetric int 4,
+                                ``'iq2_xxs'``, ``'iq2_xs'``, ``'fp16'`` or ``'bf16'``,
-                                ``'asym_int4'`` means asymmetric int 4, ``'nf4'`` means 4-bit
+                                ``'sym_int4'`` means symmetric int 4, ``'asym_int4'`` means
-                                NormalFloat, etc. Relevant low bit optimizations will be applied
+                                asymmetric int 4, ``'nf4'`` means 4-bit NormalFloat, etc.
-                                to the model.
+                                Relevant low bit optimizations will be applied to the model.
         :param optimize_model: boolean value, Whether to further optimize the low_bit llm model.
                                Default to be ``True``.
         :param modules_to_not_convert: list of str value, modules (nn.Module) that are skipped when
@@ -121,6 +121,9 @@ class _BaseAutoModelClass:
             to ``True`` when running BigDL-LLM on GPU on Windows. Default to be ``False``.
         :param lightweight_bmm: Whether to replace the torch.bmm ops, may need to set it
             to ``True`` when running BigDL-LLM on GPU on Windows. Default to be ``False``.
+        :param imatrix: str value, represent filename of importance matrix pretrained on
+            specific datasets for use with the improved quantization methods recently
+            added to llama.cpp.
         :return: a model instance
         """
         pretrained_model_name_or_path = kwargs.get("pretrained_model_name_or_path", None) \
@@ -243,6 +246,12 @@ class _BaseAutoModelClass:
                 else:
                     kwargs["pretraining_tp"] = 1
             q_k = load_in_low_bit if load_in_low_bit else "sym_int4"
+            if q_k in ["iq2_xxs", "iq2_xs"]:
+                imatrix_file = kwargs.pop("imatrix", None)
+                invalidInputError(imatrix_file is not None,
+                                  "For iq2_xxs and iq2_xs quantization, imatrix is needed.")
+                imatrix_data = load_imatrix_data(imatrix_file)
+                kwargs['imatrix_data'] = imatrix_data
             model = cls.load_convert(q_k, optimize_model, *args, **kwargs)
 
             if speculative:
@@ -285,7 +294,8 @@ class _BaseAutoModelClass:
         invalidInputError(q_k in ggml_tensor_qtype,
                           f"Unknown load_in_low_bit value: {q_k}, expected:"
                           f" sym_int4, asym_int4, sym_int5, asym_int5, sym_int8, nf3, nf4, "
-                          "fp4, fp8, fp8_e4m3, fp8_e5m2, fp16,  bf16, mixed_fp4 or mixed_fp8.")
+                          f"fp4, fp8, fp8_e4m3, fp8_e5m2, fp16,  bf16, iq2_xxs, iq2_xs, "
+                          f"mixed_fp4 or mixed_fp8.")
         qtype = ggml_tensor_qtype[q_k]
 
         # In case it needs a second try,
@@ -299,6 +309,7 @@ class _BaseAutoModelClass:
             cpu_embedding = True
         lightweight_bmm = kwargs.pop("lightweight_bmm", False)
         quant_config = kwargs.pop("quantization_config", None)
+        imatrix_data = kwargs.pop("imatrix_data", None)
         _args = copy.deepcopy(args)
         _kwargs = copy.deepcopy(kwargs)
         awq_config = None
@@ -359,7 +370,8 @@ class _BaseAutoModelClass:
         model = ggml_convert_low_bit(model, qtype, optimize_model,
                                      modules_to_not_convert=modules_to_not_convert,
                                      cpu_embedding=cpu_embedding, lightweight_bmm=lightweight_bmm,
-                                     torch_dtype=kwargs.get("torch_dtype", 'auto'))
+                                     torch_dtype=kwargs.get("torch_dtype", 'auto'),
+                                     imatrix_data=imatrix_data)
         model.config.update({"bigdl_transformers_low_bit": q_k})
 
         # enable tie_word_embeddings for MPT

python/llm/src/bigdl/llm/transformers/utils.py

@@ -41,11 +41,14 @@
 # SOFTWARE.
 import os
 from transformers.modeling_utils import _add_variant
+from bigdl.llm.ggml.quantize import ggml_tensor_qtype
 from ..utils.common import invalidInputError
 from typing import Union
 import torch
 from torch import nn
 import logging
+import numpy as np
+
 
 logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s', level=logging.INFO)
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -179,3 +182,79 @@ def get_xpu_device_type(x):
         return "pvc"
     else:
         return "others"
+
+
+def load_imatrix_data(imatrix_file):
+    # this function is adapted from https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/blob/
+    # c82d18e863fcde91b4b1109b1d0c73ea4470c405/examples/quantize/quantize.cpp#L102
+    imatrix = open(imatrix_file, 'rb')
+    n_entries = imatrix.read(4)
+    n_entries = int.from_bytes(n_entries, 'little')
+    invalidInputError(n_entries >= 1,
+                      f"failed reading name for entry from {imatrix_file}")
+    imatrix_data = {}
+    for i in range(n_entries):
+        cur_len = imatrix.read(4)
+        cur_len = int.from_bytes(cur_len, 'little')
+        cur_name = str(imatrix.read(cur_len), encoding='utf-8')
+        # original cur_name looks like blk.14.attn_output.weight for llama
+        # TODO: how to better aligned and generalize
+        name_list = cur_name.split('.')
+        layer = name_list[1]
+        module_name = name_list[2]
+        if 'ffn' in module_name:
+            module_name = module_name[4:]  # from ffn_gate to gate
+        elif 'attn' in module_name:
+            module_name = module_name[5]  # from attn_k to k, attn_output to o
+        module_name = layer + '_' + module_name
+        ncall = imatrix.read(4)
+        ncall = int.from_bytes(ncall, 'little')
+        nval = imatrix.read(4)
+        nval = int.from_bytes(nval, 'little')
+        invalidInputError(nval >= 1,
+                          f"failed reading number of values for entry {i}")
+        byte_data = imatrix.read(4 * nval)
+        idata = np.frombuffer(byte_data, dtype=np.float32)
+
+        if ncall > 0:
+            idata = idata / ncall
+        imatrix_data[module_name] = torch.from_numpy(idata).float()
+
+    print(f"loaded {len(imatrix_data)} importance matrix entries from {imatrix_file}.")
+    return imatrix_data
+
+
+def get_cur_qtype_and_imatrix(qtype, full_module_name, imatrix_data):
+    if qtype in [ggml_tensor_qtype["iq2_xxs"], ggml_tensor_qtype["iq2_xs"]]:
+        # For quantization which needs importance matrix
+        # module name preprocess
+        # full name maybe model.layers.31.self_attn.o_proj
+        # TODO: just consider llama/mistral here
+        # TODO: how to better aligned and generalize
+        module_name = full_module_name.split('.')
+        cur_qtype = qtype
+        if len(module_name) == 5:
+            layer = module_name[2]
+            cur_module = module_name[-1][:-5]
+            new_module_name = '_'.join([layer, cur_module])
+        elif len(module_name) == 1:
+            new_module_name = module_name[0]
+            layer = None
+            cur_module = None
+        if imatrix_data is not None and new_module_name in imatrix_data:
+            cur_imatrix = imatrix_data[new_module_name]
+            # custom mixed quantization strategy
+            if cur_module == 'v' or (cur_module == 'down' and int(layer) in [0, 1, 10, 11]) \
+                    or new_module_name == 'lm_head':
+                cur_qtype = ggml_tensor_qtype['sym_int4']
+        else:
+            cur_imatrix = None
+            # custom mixed quantization strategy
+            if cur_module == 'v' or (cur_module == 'down' and int(layer) in [0, 1, 10, 11]) \
+                    or new_module_name == 'lm_head':
+                cur_qtype = ggml_tensor_qtype['sym_int4']
+    else:
+        cur_imatrix = None
+        cur_qtype = qtype
+
+    return cur_qtype, cur_imatrix